'Dharma' as Ethical Values in the Sanskrit-Old Javanese 'Sarasamuccaya' Text

Suamba, Ida Bagus Putu (2021) 'Dharma' as Ethical Values in the Sanskrit-Old Javanese 'Sarasamuccaya' Text. European Journal of Science and Theology, 17 (6). pp. 53-63. ISSN 1842 – 8517

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Abstract

The 'Sarasamuccaya ', written in Sanskrit-Old Javanese, is a celebrated work on ethics that reflects the essence of the 'Mahabbarata'. This paper offers a qualitative analysis of the ethical and moral aspects of the 'Sarasamuccaya '. It finds that 'dharma' is mainly based on ethical values intended to guide spiritual seekers to reach the highest goal of life ('mok!i3 '). Volitional actions (,subha karma') and prohibited actions (,asubha karma') are elaborately described to illustrate the importance of 'dharma' in the pursuit of happiness. Meanwhile, it also details the concept of the 'tri-kayas': (i) 'dharma' (righteousness), by which (ii) 'arrha' (possession) and (iii) 'kama' (desire) can be experienced or achieved. The fulfilment of possession and desire are meaningless when they are devoid of the 'right way of living' ('dharma'). These findings contribute to the study of morals elucidated in Sanskrit-Old Javanese Literature. Keywords: dharma, ethics, tri-kaya, purusartha, modernity

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