Site Investigation on Water Cooled Chiller Plant for Energy Conservation and Environmental Impact Reduction of a Large Shopping Mall

Suamir, I Nyoman and Arsana, Made Ery and Subagia, I Wayan Adi and Rasta, I Made and Midiani, Luh Putu Ike and Wibolo, Achmad (2019) Site Investigation on Water Cooled Chiller Plant for Energy Conservation and Environmental Impact Reduction of a Large Shopping Mall. In: 4th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICOME2019), 28 - 29 Agustus 2019, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

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Abstract

The investigated shopping mall building comprises indoor shopping, entertainment, and food centers which are simultaneously open from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. The building is conditioned from a central plant incorporated water cooled chiller system comprises three identical chillers of 1245 tons of refrigeration (TR) cooling capacity per chiller. This paper is aimed to evaluate energy and environmental performances of water cooled chiller plant and develop energy conservation and environmental impact reduction strategies to the building. Chillers’ operational data were hourly recorded which include power consumption, condensing and evaporating temperatures, evaporator-condenser approach temperature, ambient temperature and flowrate of chilled and cooling water. Annual data of chiller operation were recorded. Chillers’ energy performance, indirect environmental impact and main factors that influenced the chiller plant performance were hourly and daily evaluated. The results showed that the chiller could steadily operate all year round with load factor range 70%-100% and annual average load factor of 85.8%. Annual energy consumption of the chiller plant was 7,158 MWh accounted for 26.1% of total energy use and environmental impact due to energy consumption was 6,039 tons CO2e. Annual Coefficient of Performance (COP) and overall efficiency of the chiller were 5.64 and 0.62 kW.TR-1 respectively. Energy Intensity Use (EIU) of the building was 459.89 kWh.m-2 .y-1. The results also showed that energy consumption and environmental impact of the chillers were sensitive to load factor.

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