Feasibility Analysis of a Grid-Connected PV System for Home Application

Santika, I Wayan Gede and Sunu, Putu Wijaya and Arsawan, I Made (2015) Feasibility Analysis of a Grid-Connected PV System for Home Application. In: The 3rd Bali International Seminar on Science & Technology (BISSTECH 2015), 15-17 October 2015, Bali, Indonesia.

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Abstract

The objective of the present study is to provide technical and economical analyses of a grid-connected PV system for a small house located in Bukit Jimbaran, Bali. The peak load of the house during observation was 390 watt and the daily electricity consumption is about 4.7 kWh. HOMER, a renewable energy system software developed by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), was utilized for simulation and optimization. The house will be installed with a grid-connected PV system which includes PV arrays, converters, and batteries (optional). The investment cost of the PV arrays is 3000 USD/kW and their lifetime, derating factor, and ground reflectance are 20 years, 90%, and 20%, respectively. The PV sizes to consider are 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 kilowatts. The grid applies a flat rate of about 0.1 USD/kWh. The surplus energy of the PV system will be fed into the grid with a net metering system in which the meter run backward when the excess energy is being fed into the grid. However, the sellback price is zero if energy sales exceed purchases. The converter costs 1000 USD per kilowatt. The economic inputs required by HOMER are the annual real interest rate and the lifetime of the project, which are 7% and 20 years, respectively. Results show that the proposed grid-connected PV system is technically viable. However, the grid-only system is still the most cost effective choice based on the net present cost (NPC) with the current price of 0.1 USD per kWh. The cheapest choice for the grid-connected PV system is when the PV and converter sizes are both 0.5 kW. The NPC of the PV system is 3,823 USD and its related cost of electricity (COE) is 0.209 USD/kWh. The renewable fraction of the system is 38%. Sensitivity analysis were also conducted with some scenarios such as reduction in PV prices, electricity price increases, and CO2 penalties.

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